Python Dataclass
Python Dataclass
In this tutorial, you will learn about the dataclass
decorator in Python, which simplifies the creation of classes for storing and managing data.
dataclass
is used to define classes that primarily store data unlike a regular class. It automatically generates special methods like __init__
, __repr__
, __eq__
, and more. This reduces the boilerplate code typically needed for such classes.
Examples
1. Creating a simple dataclass
In this example, we'll create a dataclass to represent a Point with x
and y
coordinates.
Python Program
from dataclasses import dataclass
@dataclass
class Point:
x: int
y: int
# Create an instance of Point
p = Point(3, 5)
print(p)
The @dataclass
decorator automatically generates the __init__
, __repr__
, and __eq__
methods based on the annotated attributes.
Output
Point(x=3, y=5)
2. Dataclass Inheritance
Dataclasses can also inherit from other classes and implement methods.
In this example, the Student
class inherits from the Person
class and extends it with an additional attribute.
Python Program
from dataclasses import dataclass
@dataclass
class Person:
name: str
age: int
@dataclass
class Student(Person):
student_id: str
student = Student(name="Ram", age=21, student_id="12345")
print(student)
Output
Student(name='Ram', age=21, student_id='12345')
Summary
In this Python dataclasses tutorial, we learned about dataclass in Python, how to create a dataclass, how to create a dataclass that inherits another dataclass, etc., with the help of examples.